Drug-Eluting Stent Restenosis

OBJECTIVES We sought to determine if the angiographic pattern of in-stent restenosis in drug-eluting stents (DES) maintains its prognostic importance. BACKGROUND The pattern of restenosis in the bare-metal stent era had a significant impact on therapeutic outcomes. METHODS We identified a total of 250 consecutive restenotic lesions in 203 patients (66.4% sirolimuseluting stents and 33.6% paclitaxel-eluting stents). We divided these lesions into two groups: focal, defined as 10 mm, 163 lesions (65.2%); and nonfocal, which were diffuse, proliferative, or obstructive, 87 lesions (34.8%). The end points analyzed were angiographic restenosis and target lesion revascularization (TLR). RESULTS Diabetes was the only clinical variable associated with the pattern of restenosis (28.8% focal compared with 52.9% diffuse; p 0.0001). Angiographic follow-up of the treatment of restenosis was available in 61.2% of the lesions and was similar between the two groups. The rate of angiographic restenosis was 17.8% in the focal group and 51.1% in the nonfocal group (p 0.0001). The incidence of TLR also increased with the type of restenosis treated (9.8% and 23%, respectively; p 0.007). An adjusted multivariate analysis revealed that the pattern of restenosis remained associated with both the occurrence of restenosis and TLR (odds ratio [OR] 5.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 23], p 0.03; and OR 3.61 [95% CI 1.2 to 10.9], p 0.02; respectively). CONCLUSIONS Similar to bare-metal stent data, the angiographic pattern of restenosis following DES implantation is prognostically important. Diabetes is a significant predictor of the pattern of restenosis in the DES era. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:2399–404) © 2006 by the ublished by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.02.046